Toward a sustainable energy future: India’s pathway to achieving net zero

India’s pursuit of net-zero emissions by 2070 is a monumental effort to balance rapid economic growth with environmental sustainability. This transformation emphasizes renewable energy advancements, including solar power, green hydrogen, and biofuels, alongside robust policy frameworks like the Panchamrit strategy. The nation’s energy transition requires an estimated $150–$200 billion annually, with initiatives like sovereign green bonds already making strides. However, reliance on coal persists, reflecting the complex trade-offs between energy security and decarbonization. Programs such as PM-KUSUM and Indian Railways’ electrification efforts highlight societal impacts, positioning India as a global model for sustainable development amidst challenges.

India’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070 is a bold statement of intent, showcasing the nation’s determination to balance rapid economic growth with environmental sustainability. As the world’s most populous country and the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases, India’s energy transition is critical not only for its citizens but for global climate goals. This article dives into the multifaceted strategies, challenges, and real-world implications of this monumental shift, offering insights into what lies ahead.

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