What is the real cost of each energy source?

What is the real cost of each energy source?

For those who consider a systemic perspective, this question is very important. The prevailing narrative, for example, of those who sell solar energy-based systems is (1) the source is free, (2) exports can be sold, (3) the final cost of the energy is competitive – also thanks to the incentives granted.

What needs to be taken into consideration is that this solar energy is only available when there is sunlight. T

This means that at other times (at night and even during the day when the sun is behind clouds) the customer needs to receive energy from the public grid. This means that this energy from the public grid should be paid for by the consumer customer who installed the solar system and not only the ongoing “accounting” system.

To get an idea of ​​what this means, with the intensive penetration of solar and wind power in the Brazilian energy matrix, there was a need to considerably increase the installed capacity/maximum demand ratio of the national integrated system.

And, currently, all Brazilian consumers are paying for this new reality, which, strictly speaking, should only be paid by those who install solar energy, for example. What should be considered: a systemic approach or not?